| 王安杰,王瑶,遇治权,董婷,李翔,陈永英.生物质油提质加氢脱氧催化剂研究进展[J].,2016,56(3):321-330 |
| 生物质油提质加氢脱氧催化剂研究进展 |
| Advances in hydrodeoxygenation catalysts for upgrading bio-oils |
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| DOI：10.7511/dllgxb201603016 |
| 中文关键词: 生物质油 加氢脱氧催化剂 载体 催化剂失活 |
| 英文关键词: bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation catalyst support deactivation of catalyst\@ |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(210730222117303321473017U1162203U1508205)；高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20100041110016). |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着化石能源的日益减少，来源于木质纤维素基可再生生物质油越来越受到人们的关注．但是，与石油相比，生物质油含氧量高，导致其能量密度低、黏度高、热和化学稳定性差，因而必须进行脱氧提质才能用作发动机燃料．在生物质油提质方法中，加氢脱氧(HDO)最具应用前景．综述了木质纤维素基生物质油HDO催化剂的研究进展，包括过渡金属硫化物、磷化物、氮化物和碳化物，贵金属，金属-酸双功能催化剂，过渡金属以及非晶态合金等．过渡金属硫化物催化剂用于HDO时，会因S被氧化物或水中O逐步取代而失活；贵金属催化剂虽具有高HDO活性和选择性，但因价格高、资源受限而无法大规模应用；过渡金属氮化物、碳化物和过渡金属催化剂活性较高，但会在HDO中因结焦或氧的嵌入导致催化剂失活；非晶态合金催化剂具有较高HDO活性，但热稳定性较差；过渡金属磷化物的HDO活性高，稳定性好，是一类优良的HDO催化活性相．载体的表面性质和孔结构对其负载的HDO催化剂性能影响较大．碳沉积和结构破坏是HDO催化剂失活的主要原因． |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the dwindling of fossil energy, much attention has been paid to the research of renewable bio-oil from lignocellulose biomass. Compared with the petroleum, the high oxygen content imparts some disadvantages to the bio-oil, such as low energy density, high viscosity, poor thermal and chemical stability. The bio-oil must be further deoxygenated to supply the conventional engine fuel. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is the most common and promising method to upgrade bio-oil. The development of HDO catalyst for lignocellulose bio-oil, including transition metal sulfide, phosphide, nitride and carbide, noble metal, “metal-acid” bi-functional catalyst, transition metal and amorphous alloy, is reviewed. Over transition metal sulfide, the sulfur might be replaced by oxygen from oxygenates and water, leading to the deactivation. Noble metal possesses higher HDO activity and product selectivities, whereas the high cost and less resources suppress the large-scale industrial application. Transition metal nitride, carbide and transition metal have been shown to hydrodeoxygenate bio-oil effectively, but the oxygen accumulation and carbon deposition might lead to the deactivation. Despite the high HDO activity of amorphous alloy, the thermostability is poor. However, transition metal phosphide attracts more attention, due to the high HDO activity and good stability. The support effect is summarized as surface properties and pore structure. Moreover, carbon deposition and structure damage are the main causes of catalyst deactivation. |
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